Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Explained
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an issue that affects half of all males aged 50 and older. We'll take a closer look at what is BPH in medical terms.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), known as prostate gland enlargement, is a highly common disorder affecting men as they age. It is characterized by the non-cancerous growth of the prostate tissue surrounding the urethra. The urethra discharges urine from the bladder and the body.
BPH occurs when prostate cells multiply, leading to an increase in its size. This enlargement can cause the prostate gland to constrict the urethra, resulting in urinary symptoms.
It is not known what causes BPH. It primarily develops in men over the age of 50. Hormone fluctuations are thought to play a role.
It is likely that testicular hormones are a major factor. During aging, testosterone concentration decreases while levels of estrogen remain stable. The disparity could account for the growth of prostate cells.
Additionally, increased levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) could be responsible. The DHT hormone is a key element in the growth and development of prostate tissue; older men often have elevated levels of DHT.
What are Common Enlarged Prostate Symptoms?
The most common symptoms of BPH include the following:
Frequent Urination
This is the most commonly seen symptom of an enlarged prostate. Frequent urination in men is often a sign of a prostate disorder. This symptom occurs because the enlarged prostate stresses the urethra, making it harder for urine to flow freely. BPH and frequent urination are extremely common in men over 50.
Difficulty Starting and Stopping Urination
Another symptom of BPH is difficulty initiating and stopping the flow of urine. The inability to fully manage urination can be frustrating and may require additional effort to fully empty the bladder.
Incomplete Emptying of the Bladder
The enlarged prostate can restrict urine flow, leading to a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder even after urination.
Dribbling at the End of Urination
BPH can also cause dribbling or leakage of urine at the end of urination. The inability to fully cease urine flow occurs because the enlarged prostate obstructs the urethra, preventing the bladder from fully emptying.
Weak Urine Flow
BPH can also cause a weak urine flow, where the stream of urine is not as strong as it used to be. This weakness can be attributed to the narrowing of the urethra caused by the enlarged prostate.
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
In some cases, BPH can increase the risk of UTIs. The stagnant urine in the bladder, caused by the obstruction, provides a breeding ground for bacteria.
Blood in Urine
Although a rare symptom of an enlarged prostate, blood in urine (hematuria) can occur due to BPH. A healthcare professional should evaluate this symptom to rule out other potential causes.
Kidney Damage
If left untreated, BPH can lead to kidney damage. The stagnant urine in the bladder can back up into the kidneys, causing potential complications.
Sexual Dysfunction
BPH can also contribute to sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction and decreased libido. This occurs because the enlarged prostate can compromise the normal functioning of the reproductive system.
BPH can also raise the risk of urinary tract infections (UTI).
It is critical to note that not all individuals with BPH will experience all of these symptoms. The intensity and combination of symptoms can vary from person to person. If you have any of these symptoms, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Who is at risk for BPH in Atlanta?
Several issues can raise the risk of developing BPH.
Age is one of the main risk factors for BPH. The prevalence of this condition increases with age, especially in men over the age of 50. By the age of 60, more than half of men will have some degree of prostate enlargement, and by the age of 85, this number increases to 90%.
Family history also plays a role in BPH risk. If a man has a primary relation (like a parent or sibling) with BPH, his chances of developing the condition are higher. This suggests a potential genetic component to BPH.
Race and ethnicity might also influence the risk of BPH. Studies have shown that men of African descent have an elevated risk of developing BPH compared to Caucasian men. Conversely, Asian men have a lower risk. However, more research is needed to fully understand the impact of ethnicity on BPH risk.
Certain health problems and lifestyle factors can also increase BPH risk. Men with obesity struggles, diabetes, heart disease, and a sedentary lifestyle may have a greater likelihood of developing BPH. Hormonal inconsistencies, such as testosterone deficiency or high levels of estrogen, may also contribute to the development of BPH.
It is important to note that while these factors may exacerbate the risk of BPH, they do not necessarily guarantee its development. Many men with one or more risk factors may never experience any symptoms or complications associated with BPH.
Dr. Lie - Prostate Artery Embolization
Does an Enlarged Prostate Effect Sexual Performance?
Yes, an enlarged prostate can affect sexual performance by causing symptoms such as erectile dysfunction or difficulty ejaculating. These symptoms can impact sexual satisfaction and performance. Seeking medical advice can help manage BPH and sexual health issues effectively.
Does BPH cause cancer?
BPH is not prostate cancer. While there are numerous non-conclusive studies surrounding the likelihood of developing prostate cancer after a BPH diagnosis, it is unclear if BPH raises prostate cancer risk. However, any changes in prostate health should be evaluated by a specialist.
Though BPH is not predictive of prostate cancer, there are several prostate cancer symptoms that could be mistaken for BPH. These include difficulty urinating and frequent, urgent needs to urinate.
Other prostate changes can include bacterial infection. Prostatitis is a prostate gland inflammation caused by bacteria. An estimated half of all males will experience prostatitis at some point. Like BPH, symptoms include difficulty urinating and the urgent need to urinate. Prostatitis can be successfully treated with antibiotics.
How is BPH diagnosed?
To detect BPH, healthcare professionals may perform a physical exam to evaluate the condition and size of the prostate gland. The exam involves a digital rectal exam and additional tests, such as urine flow studies and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests. The PSA tests are conducted to rule out other conditions and evaluate the extent to which BPH has advanced.
How is BPH treated in Atlanta?
Treatment options for BPH vary depending on the intensity of symptoms and the impact on the individual's daily life. There are cases, however, where lifestyle adjustments -- such as minimizing fluids before bedtime and limiting caffeinated and alcoholic beverages -- can help minimize symptoms.
Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is an effective BPH treatment that offers several benefits to patients. This procedure involves blocking off the arteries that supply blood to the prostate, reducing its size and alleviating symptoms such as urinary frequency and urgency.
It is essential for individuals experiencing urinary symptoms to seek an evaluation by a urologist to identify the root cause and receive appropriate treatment. Regular check-ups and screenings are vital for early detection and management of BPH.
Superior Prostate Care in North Georgia
Georgia Endovascular boasts state-of-the-art facilities specifically designed to address the needs of patients with BPH. Equipped with innovative diagnostic equipment and cutting-edge technology, the institute ensures accurate and efficient diagnosis, enabling personalized treatment plans for each patient.
We are proud to be staffed with a team of highly skilled and experienced medical professionals with a deep understanding of BPH and its complexities.
If you have concerns about your prostate health, please don't hesitate to contact our helpful representatives to schedule an evaluation today.
Serving the Greater Atlanta Area at these Convenient BPH Treatment Centers
Each location offers the same specialized Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) care delivered by board-certified interventional radiologists. Atlanta BPH specialists serve patients throughout Georgia at convenient locations, including:
